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首页> 外文OA文献 >Predicting small mammal and flea abundance using landform and soil properties in a plague endemic area in Lushoto District, Tanzania
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Predicting small mammal and flea abundance using landform and soil properties in a plague endemic area in Lushoto District, Tanzania

机译：利用坦桑尼亚卢肖托地区鼠疫流行区的地形和土壤特性预测小型哺乳动物和跳蚤的数量

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Small mammals particularly rodents, are considered the primary natural hosts of plague.Literature suggests that plague persistence in natural foci has a root cause in soils. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between on the one hand landforms and associated soil properties, and on the other hand small mammals and fleas in West Usambara Mountains in Tanzania, a plague endemic area. Standard field survey methods coupled with Geographical Information System (GIS)technique were used to examine landform and soils characteristics. Soil samples were analysed in the laboratory for physico-chemical properties. Small mammals were trapped on pre-established landform positions and identified to genus/species level. Fleas were removed from the trapped small mammals and counted. Exploration of landform and soil data was done using ArcGIS Toolbox functions and descriptive statistical analysis. The relationships between landforms, soils, small mammals and fleas were established by generalised linear regression model (GLM) operated in R statistics software. Results show that landforms and soils influence the abundance of small mammals and fleas and their spatial distribution. Theabundance of small mammals and fleas increased with increase in elevation. Small mammal species richness also increases with elevation. A landform-soil model shows that available phosphorus, slope aspect and elevation were statistically significant predictors explaining richness and abundance of small mammals. Fleas’ abundance and spatial distribution were influenced by hill-shade, available phosphorus and base saturation. The study suggests that landforms and soils have a strong influence on the richness and evenness of small mammals and their fleas’ abundance hence could be used to explain plaguedynamics in the area
机译：小型哺乳动物，特别是啮齿动物，被认为是鼠疫的主要自然宿主。文献表明，鼠疫在自然疫源地的持久性是土壤的根本原因。这项研究的目的是一方面调查鼠疫流行地区坦桑尼亚西乌桑巴拉山脉的地貌与相关土壤特性之间的关系，另一方面调查小型哺乳动物和跳蚤之间的关系。标准的野外调查方法结合地理信息系统（GIS）技术用于检查地形和土壤特征。在实验室中分析了土壤样品的理化性质。将小型哺乳动物困在预先确定的地形位置上，并按照属/种级别进行识别。从被困的小型哺乳动物中取出跳蚤并计数。使用ArcGIS Toolbox功能和描述性统计分析完成了地形和土壤数据的探索。通过在R统计软件中运行的广义线性回归模型（GLM）建立了地貌，土壤，小型哺乳动物和跳蚤之间的关系。结果表明，地形和土壤会影响小型哺乳动物和跳蚤的数量及其空间分布。小型哺乳动物和跳蚤的数量随着海拔的升高而增加。小型哺乳动物物种的丰富度也随着海拔的升高而增加。地貌-土壤模型表明，有效磷，坡度和高程是统计上有意义的预测因子，可以解释小型哺乳动物的丰富度和丰度。跳蚤的丰度和空间分布受到丘陵阴影，有效磷和碱饱和度的影响。研究表明，地貌和土壤对小型哺乳动物的丰富度和均匀度及其跳蚤的丰富度有很大影响，因此可以用来解释该地区的鼠疫动力学。

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